Growth & development of infant from 1 to 2 year of age; How parents can support healthy development?

🔴 GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT OF INFANT from 1 to 2 year of age
This age is the age of rapid development, not only in observable changes like height & weight but also in brain development.
🔹 Weight of the person can increase or decrease till death.
🔹 Height of the person cannot be increased after puberty. 
🔹 At birth, the average baby's brain is 25% of adult brain & double by 1 year of age. It keeps growing to about 80% by age 3 year and 90% by age 5 year. 
In short... Brain development is more important than height which is more important than weight in children till 5 year of age. 
🔴 Factors responsible for growth and development 
❇️ Heredity
🔹 Heredity is transmission of physical and mental characteristics from parents to children through genes 
🔹 It cannot be changed 
❇️ Family influence 
🔹 It plays an important role from the meeting of genes till death of the person.
🔹 It includes parents, grandparents and other members living in the family 
🔹 It can be changed, in fact it can be used as a stimulation for better results. 
Example: If two children with the same genetics born to the same parents are the same, Answer is No. Why?  One of the main reasons is the different environment from the point of conception till 5 year of age. 
❇️ Environment 
🔹 It includes neighbors, peers, school and social media 
🔹 It can be changed 
❇️ Nutrition 
🔹 Nutrition of the child as well as Mother is important for growth and development 
🔹 Deficiency and overeating are harmful for growth and development. 
❇️ Hormones
🔹 It plays important role in growth and development 
🔹 It cannot be changed but it can be treated if it is the cause of failure in growth and development of children 
❇️ Learning and reinforcement 
🔹 If help in overall development of personality including intellectual, mental, emotional, social and physical development 
🔹 If proper technique of brain development is implemented from conception (Garb Sanskar) till 12 year of age, it helps in much faster development. 
🔹 Reinforcement is a component of learning where an activity is repeated and refined to solidify the lesson learned. 
❇️ Socio-economic status 
🔹 As money determines the nutrition, family environment, neighbors and school, it has influenced in growth and development 
🔹 Lack of money or too much money can cause poor growth and development.
🔹 It can be changed but  lot of children from poor family had done much better than rich family. 
In short.... Nature contributes to the growth and development, but nurture contributes much more.
🔴 Weight of the child 
🔹 Average weight gain is around 1.4 yo 2.3 kg in a year
🔹 Consult pediatrician 
▪️ If weight gain is less than 750 gram
▪️️ If weight gain is more than 3.5kg
🔹 How to increase the weight of the baby?
▪️ Good nutrition to mother 
▪️ Positive home environment 
▪️ Consult pediatrician for supplements if needed 
🔴 Height of the child 
🔹  Toddler gain about 7 to 12cm in a 2nd year of the life
🔹 Consult pediatrician 
▪️ If height gain is less than 5cm 
🔹 How to increase the height of the baby?
▪️ Good nutrition to mother 
▪️ Positive home environment 
▪️ Let baby play at ground
▪️ Consult pediatrician for supplements if needed
🔴 Brain development
The early year of a child is very important as maximum brain development occurs and builds a foundation for future learning, health and success. Research has proven that the environment of a child's earliest year from conception to 5 year can have effects that last a lifetime. 
In short... Genes provide a blueprint for the brain, but a child's environment and experience carry out the construction. 
❇️ Know your normal milestones 
     --------------------------------------------------
🔹 Milestones are physical or behavioral checkpoints as they grow.
🔹 During 7th to 12th month, your baby will develop at an amazing speed
🔹 No two babies are same, each baby will grow at own speed
Example: Some babies walk as early as 9 month of age and some babies start walking at 17 month of age. Both are normal, still if you start implementing proper technique then the baby can walk early. 
🔹 If baby misses milestone range, please consult pediatrician 
Example: If the baby is not walking by 17 month of age. 
🔹 If your baby is born prematurely then you need to look milestones as per due date
Example: Your baby was supposed to be born on 1st March. Came into this world on 15th January. Use 1st of March as a date for assessment of milestones
🔹 If your baby is born post maturely, use date of birth as a assessment date. 
 Example: Your baby was supposed to be born on 1st March. Came on 20th March, use 20th March as a date of assessment of milestones 
🔹 Always consult pediatrician regularly for assessment of growth and development of infant. 
Remember... Always follow with your pediatrician for assessment of growth and development. If you missed this golden period of development, you and your kid will cry for ever
🔳 18 month old. 
🔶 What most babies do by this age? 
🔹 Physical development 
▪️ Walk alone
▪️ May walk staircase up
▪️ Eat with spoon
▪️ Scribble
🔹 Language development 
▪️ Say several meaningful words
▪️  Follow simple command like bring the glass
🔹 Cognitive development 
▪️ Know what is used of common things like mobile, Tv, spoon
▪️  Can follow 1 step command like bring glass
▪️ Point body parts like nose
🔹 Social development 
▪️ Like to share things with family members while playing
▪️ May cry for not getting things 
🔶 Dangerous sign
▪️ Can't walk
▪️ Doesn't know common things like mobile are for
▪️ Doesn't speak 6 meaningful words
▪️ Doesn't mind when mammy goes out of home
▪️ Loses skills once he had
In short... Follow this-milestones are there to save your life. 
🔳 2 year of age 
🔶 What most babies do by this age? 
🔹 Physical development 
▪️ Start running
▪️ Kick the ball
▪️ Copies straight line or circle
🔹 Language development
▪ Point to picture or familiar things when named
▪️ Know names of familiar people or body parts
▪️ Say sentence with 2 to 4 words
🔹 Cognitive development
▪️ Build tower of 4 or more blocks
▪️ Begins to sort color and shapes
▪️ Follow 2 step instructions like take a glass from dining table and put in a washing area
▪️ Name common animal and fruits
🔹 Social development
▪ Show more and more independence like eating on own
▪️ May play with other children but like to stay with them
▪️ Copies others especially older children
🔶 Dangerous sign
🔹 Doesn't know what to do with common thing like brush
🔹  Doesn't speak 2 word sentence
🔹 Doesn't copy others
🔹 Doesn't follow simple instructions
🔹 Doesn't walk steadily
🔹 Loose the skills once had
 In short... Maximum problems of brain development can be solved if the patient reaches in time. 
🔴 Can we develop the brain of an infant? 
🔹 Answer is yes
🔹 We cannot change the nature (genetics) but we can change nurture 
🔹 Consult pediatrician for home based stimulation programme 
Example: Show common 5 objects like fan, tv etc for a few days by naming them. Now ask where is fan out of 5 objects
In short... Parents who take the learning, growth & skill development of their infant into their hand will have tomorrow's leaders in their house. 
🔳  Take home message in assessment of your baby milestones 
🔹 Missing one or two abilities should cause alarm 
🔹 Missing multiple abilities is dangerous
🔹 We can speed up brain development of our infant at our home. 
In short... The more we give importance to development, the more competent will be your child. 
🙏🏻🙏🏻 If you like this blog, please share with other mothers and friends
Remember..... Gaining knowledge is first step to wisdom and sharing it is first step to humanity 

Dr Ashish Agrawal, Paediatrician and expert in child behavior, education and developmental problems.
Ph: 8888126037, 7057551985
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🔹Youtube : Dr Ashish Agrawal
 Blogger: Positiveparenting1208.blogspot.com

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